• Planting: Start seeds indoors if you’re growing from seed, 6-8 weeks before the last expected frost. Use a seed-starting mix and plant the seeds about 1/4 inch deep.
• Environment: Provide warmth (70-80°F) and sunlight (or grow lights for 14-16 hours/day).
• Watering: Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged.

• Germination: Seeds should germinate within 5-10 days.
• Thinning: If multiple seeds were planted in one cell, thin them out by cutting off the weaker seedlings.
• Light: Continue to provide ample light. Rotate trays if needed to prevent leaning towards light.

• Transplanting: When seedlings have their first set of true leaves, transplant them into slightly larger pots, burying part of the stem to encourage root growth.
• Feeding: Start applying a weak, balanced fertilizer (diluted to half strength).

• Outdoor Acclimation: Gradually expose the seedlings to outdoor conditions. Start by placing them outside in a sheltered location for a few hours, gradually increasing the time each day.
• Transplanting into the Garden: When seedlings are about 6-8 inches tall and nighttime temperatures are above 50°F, transplant them into the garden.
  • Spacing: Space plants 18-36 inches apart, with rows 36-48 inches apart.
  • Soil Preparation: Add compost or organic matter to the soil and plant deeply, burying part of the stem for strong root growth.

• Staking or Caging: Install stakes or cages early to avoid damaging roots later. This will support the plant as it grows.
• Mulching: Apply mulch around the base of the plants to retain moisture and prevent weeds.
• Watering: Water deeply 1-2 times per week, keeping the soil consistently moist but not soggy.

• Pruning: Start pruning suckers (small shoots that grow between the main stem and branches) to focus the plant’s energy on fruit production.
• Feeding: Continue fertilizing every 2-4 weeks with a fertilizer high in phosphorus and potassium to encourage fruiting.

• Pollination: Tomatoes are self-pollinating, but gently shaking the plants can help improve pollination, especially in still or indoor environments.
• Watering & Feeding: Maintain consistent watering and fertilization. Uneven watering can lead to problems like blossom end rot.

• Check for Pests: Keep an eye out for pests like aphids, hornworms, or fungal diseases, and treat them promptly.
• Support: Make sure plants are still securely staked or caged as the fruit begins to weigh down the branches.

Harvesting: Tomatoes typically begin to ripen 60-85 days after transplanting, depending on the variety.

• Harvest when the fruits are fully colored and slightly firm to the touch.
• You can pick them at the “breaker” stage (just starting to turn color) and allow them to ripen indoors.